Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: принудителна мярка
- CZ: výkonné opatření
- DE: Vollstreckungsmaßnahme
- EE: sunnimeede
- EN: enforcement measure
- ES: medida de ejecución
- FI: täytäntöönpanotoimenpide
- FR: mesure d’exécution
- GA: beart forfheidhmiúcháin
- GR: μέτρο εκτέλεσης; μέτρο επιβολής
- HU: végrehajtási intézkedés
- IT: misura di esecuzione
- LT: vykdymo priemonė
- LV: izpildes pasākums
- MT: Miżura ta’ infurzar
- NL: uitvoeringsmaatregel
- NO: iverksettelsestiltak (b) / iverksetjingstiltak (n)
- PL: środek wykonawczy
- PT: medida de execução
- RO: măsură de aplicare
- SE: verkställighetsåtgärd
- SK: vykonávacie opatrenie
- SL: ukrep za uveljavitev / ukrep za izvršitev
Any measure taken by the enforcing EU Member State with a view to implementing an expulsion decision.
In IE and UK, this phrase is used in a more global sense for all forms of removal. For example, for UK, this refers to any action that is taken to enable the implementation of the immigration law.
- BG: решение за експулсиране
- CZ: rozhodnutí o vyhoštění
- DE: Rückführungsentscheidung (EU acquis) / Ausweisungsentscheidung (DE, LU)
- EE: väljasaatmisotsus
- EN: expulsion decision
- ES: decisión de expulsión
- FI: maastapoistamispäätös
- FR: décision d’éloignement
- GA: cinneadh ionnarbtha
- GR: απόφαση απέλασης
- HU: kiutasítást elrendelő határozat
- IT: decisione di espulsione
- LT: sprendimas išsiųsti
- LV: izbraukšanas rīkojums / lēmums par piespiedu izraidīšanu
- MT: Deċiżjoni ta’ espulsjoni / ta’ tkeċċija
- NL: aanwijzing om het grondgebied te verlaten
- NO: utvisningsbeslutning (b) / utvisingsavgjerd (n)
- PL: decyzja o wydaleniu
- PT: decisão de expulsão
- RO: See „expulsion” (a) hotărâre judecătorescă de expulzare (b) decizie de returnare sub escortă
- SE: beslut om avvisning eller utvisning
- SK: rozhodnutie o vyhostení
- SL: odločitev o izgonu
Any decision which orders an expulsion taken by a competent administrative (or judicial) authority of an issuing EU Member State.
2. In RO, expulsion is decided by the courts only, not by administration.
- BG: експулсиране
- CZ: vyhoštění
- DE: Rückführung (EU acquis); Ausweisung (DE)
- EE: väljasaatmine
- EN: expulsion
- ES: expulsión
- FI: maasta poistaminen
- FR: expulsion
- GA: díbirt / ionnarbadh
- GR: απέλαση
- HU: kiutasítás (when implemented with official escort: kitoloncolás)
- IT: espulsione
- LT: išsiuntimas
- LV: piespiedu izraidīšana
- MT: Espulsjoni / Tkeċċija
- NL: verwijdering (syn.: uitzetting, uitwijzing)
- NO: utvisning (b) / utvising (n)
- PL: wydalenie
- PT: expulsão
- RO: (a) expulzare (b) returnare (forţată) sub escortă
- SE: avvisning / utvisning
- SK: vyhostenie
- SL: izgon / odstranitev
(a) a third-country national subject to an expulsion decision based on a serious and present threat to public order or to national security and safety taken in the following cases:
- conviction of a third-country national by the issuing EU Member State for an offence punishable by a penalty involving deprivation of liberty of at least one year;
- the existence of serious grounds for believing that a third-country national has committed serious criminal offences or the existence of solid evidence of their intention to commit such offences within the territory of a Member State.
(b) a third-country national subject to an expulsion decision based on failure to comply with national rules on the entry or residence of aliens.
In FI, the preferred English translation is ‘removal from the country’.
- BG: Център за информация, дискусии и обмен оносно преминаването на границите и имиграцията
- CZ: Centrum pro informace, diskusi a výměnu názorů k překačování hranic a imigraci
- DE: Informations-, Diskussions- und Austauschzentrum für Fragen in Zusammenhang mit dem Überschreiten der Außengrenzen und der Einwanderung
- EE: piiriületuse- ja sisserändealase teabe, analüüsi ja infovahetuse keskus
- EN: Centre for Information, Discussion and Exchange on the Crossing of Frontiers and Immigration
- ES: Centro de información, reflexión e intercambio en materia de cruce de fronteras e inmigración
- FI: Rajanylitys- ja maahanmuuttoasioiden tiedotus-, tarkastelu- ja tietojenvaihtokeskus
- FR: Centre d’information, de réflexion et d’échanges en matière de franchissement des frontières et d’immigration
- GA: an Lárionad um Fhaisnéis, Plé agus Malartú i dtaca le Trasnú Imeallchríche agus Inimirce
- GR: Κέντρο Ενημέρωσης, Συζήτησης και Ανταλλαγής για τη Μετανάστευση και την Συνοριακή Διέλευση
- HU: Külső Határok Átlépésével és Bevándorlással foglalkozó Információ-,Vita-, és Véleménycsere Központ
- IT: Centro di Informazione, di Riflessione e di Scambi in materia di Attraversamento delle Frontiere e di Immigrazione
- LT: Informacijos, diskusijų ir keitimosi duomenimis sienų kirtimo ir imigracijos klausimais centras
- LV: Centrs informācijai, apspriedēm un apmaiņām par robežšķērsošanu un imigrāciju
- MT: Ċentru (Iċ-) ta’ Informazzjoni, Diskussjoni u Skambji dwar il-Qsim ta’ Fruntieri u l-Immigrazzjoni
- NL: Centrum voor informatie, beraad en gegevensuitwisseling inzake grensoverschrijding en immigratie
- NO: Senter for informasjon, diskusjon og utveksling om grensepassering og innvandring
- PL: Centrum Wymiany Informacji nt. Przekraczania Granic i Imigracji
- PT: Centro de Informação, Reflexão e Intercâmbio em matéria de Passagem das Fronteiras e Imigração
- RO: Centrul de informare, reflecţie şi schimb de informaţii cu privire la trecerea frontierei şi imigraţie
- SE: Centrum för information, diskussion och utbyte i frågor som rör passage av gränser och invandring
- SK: Centrum pre informácie, diskusiu a výmenu v oblasti prekračovania hraníc a prisťahovalectva
- SL: Center za podatke, razprave in izmenjave glede prečkanja meje in priseljevanja
A body assisting the EU Member States in effectively studying legal migration so as to prevent irregular migration and unlawful residence, in effectively combating immigration crime, in better detecting forged documents and in improving expulsion practice.
2. In December 2009, as a consequence of the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, COREPER decided to abolish CIREFI and to transfer its functions to the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (FRONTEX).
- BG: Стратегически комитет по имиграция, граници и убежище
- CZ: Strategický výbor pro přistěhovalectví, hranice a azyl
- DE: Strategisches Komitee für Einwanderungs-, Grenz- und Asylfragen
- EE: Rände-, piiri- ja varjupaigateema strateegiakomitee
- EN: Strategic Committee on Immigration, Frontiers and Asylum
- ES: Comité Estratégico de Inmigración, Fronteras y Asilo
- FI: Maahanmuutto-, raja- ja turvapaikka-asioiden strateginen komitea
- FR: Comité stratégique sur l’immigration, les frontières et l’asile
- GA: an Coiste Straitéiseach um Inimirce, Teorainneacha agus Tearmann
- GR: Στρατηγική Επιτροπή για τη Μετανάστευση, τα Σύνορα και το Άσυλο
- HU: Bevándorlással, Határokkal és Menekültüggyel Foglalkozó Stratégiai Bizottság
- IT: Comitato Strategico in materia di Immigrazione, Frontiere e Asilo
- LT: Imigracijos, sienų ir prieglobsčio strateginis komitetas
- LV: Imigrācijas, robežu un patvēruma jautājumu stratēģiskā komiteja
- MT: Kumitat Strateġiku dwar l-Immigrazzjoni, il‑Fruntieri u l-Ażil
- NL: Strategisch Comité immigratie, grenzen en asiel
- NO: Strategikomité for innvandrings-, grense- og asylspørsmål
- PL: Strategiczny Komitet ds. Imigracji, Granic i Azylu
- PT: Comité Estratégico Imigração, Fronteiras e Asilo
- RO: Comitetul Strategic pentru Imigraţie, Frontiere şi Azil
- SE: Strategiska kommittén för invandring, gränser och asyl
- SK: Strategický výbor pre prisťahovalectvo, hranice a azyl
- SL: Strateški odbor za priseljevanje, meje in azil
A forum for the exchange of information amongst the EU Member States, consisting of senior officials in the fields of asylum, immigration and frontiers, which aims to implement a European Union strategic approach to matters related to asylum, immigration and frontiers.
2. SCIFA can create Working Parties (e.g. Working Party on Migration and Expulsion) to consider in detail the specific proposals tabled by the European Commission. These Working Parties report on their outcomes to SCIFA.
- BG: етничеко прочистване
- CZ: etnická čistka
- DE: ethnische Säuberung
- EE: etniline puhastus
- EN: ethnic cleansing
- ES: limpieza étnica
- FI: etninen puhdistus
- FR: nettoyage ethnique
- GA: glanadh eitneach
- GR: εθνική εκκαθάριση
- HU: etnikai tisztogatás
- IT: pulizia etnica
- LT: etninis valymas
- LV: etniskā tīrīšana
- MT: Tindif etniku
- NL: etnische zuivering
- NO: etnisk rensing (b) / etnisk reinsing (n)
- PL: czystki etniczne
- PT: limpeza étnica
- RO: purificare etnică
- SE: etnisk rensning
- SK: etnické čistky
- SL: etnično čiščenje
Rendering an area ethnically homogeneous by using force or intimidation to remove from a given area persons of another ethnic or religious group, which is contrary to international law.
2. Trial Chamber Judgment of 2 August 2001 of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) has observed, while ‘there are obvious similarities between a genocidal policy and the policy commonly known as “ethnic cleansing”’, yet ‘ a clear distinction must be drawn between physical destruction and mere dissolution of a group. The expulsion of a group or part of a group does not in itself suffice for genocide’.
3. These legal documents thus state that crimes committed during an ethnic cleansing are similar to those of genocide, but while genocide includes an intent at complete or partial destruction of the target group, ethnic cleansing may involve murder only to the point of mobilising the target group out of the territory. Hence, there may be varied degrees of mass murder in an ethnic cleansing, often subsiding when the target group appears to be leaving the desired territory, while during genocide the mass murder is ubiquitous and constant throughout the process, continuing even while the target group tries to flee.