Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: стажант
- CZ: stážista
- DE: Auszubildender
- EE: praktikant
- EN: trainee
- ES: persona en prácticas
- FI: harjoittelija
- FR: stagiaire
- GA: duine faoi oiliúint
- GR: εκπαιδευόμενος
- HU: gyakornok
- IT: tirocinante / apprendista
- LT: stažuotojas
- LV: praktikants / stažieris
- MT: Persuna titħarreġ / fuq taħriġ
- NL: stagiair
- NO: praktikant
- PL: stażysta
- PT: estagiários / formandos
- RO: stagiar
- SE: praktikant
- SK: stážista
- SL: pripravnik
In the EU migration context, a worker whose presence in the territory of an EU Member State is strictly limited in duration and closely connected with increasing their skills and qualifications in their chosen profession before returning to their own countries to pursue their careers.
- BG: стажант без възнаграждение
- CZ: neplacený stážista
- DE: unbezahlter Auszubildender
- EE: tasustamata praktikant
- EN: unremunerated trainee
- ES: persona en prácticas no remuneradas
- FI: palkaton harjoittelija
- FR: stagiaire non rémunéré
- GA: oiliúnaí nach bhfaigheann luach saothair
- GR: μη αμοιβόμενος εκπαιδευόμενος
- HU: javadalmazásban nem részesülő gyakornok
- IT: tirocinante non retribuito
- LT: neatlygintinas stažuotojas
- LV: nealgots praktikants / stažieris
- MT: Persuna titħarreġ Bba ħlas
- NL: onbezoldigd stagiair
- NO: ulønnet praktikant (b) / ulønt praktikant (n)
- PL: stazysta niepobierający wynagrodzenia
- PT: estagiários / formandos não remunerado
- RO: stagiar neremunerat
- SE: oavlönad praktikant
- SK: neplatený stážista
- SL: neplačani pripravnik
A third-country national who has been admitted to the territory of an EU Member State for a training period without remuneration in accordance with its national legislation.
- BG: платен стажант
- CZ: placený stážista
- DE: bezahlter Auszubildender
- EE: tasustatud praktikant
- EN: remunerated trainee
- ES: persona en prácticas remuneradas
- FI: palkallinen harjoittelija
- FR: stagiaire rémunéré
- GA: oiliúnaí a fhaigheann luach saothair
- GR: αμοιβόμενος εκπαιδευόμενος
- HU: javadalmazásban részesülő (fizetett) gyakornok
- IT: apprendista retribuito
- LT: atlygintinas stažuotojas
- LV: algots praktikants / stažieris
- MT: Persuna titħarreġ bi ħlas
- NL: bezoldigd stagiair
- NO: lønnet praktikant (b) / lønt praktikant (n)
- PL: stażysta pobierający wynagrodzenie
- PT: estagiários / formandos remunerados
- RO: stagiar remunerat
- SE: avlönad praktikant
- SK: platený stážista
- SL: plačani pripravnik
A third-country national who has been admitted to the territory of an EU Member State for a training period with remuneration in accordance with its national legislation.
- BG: циркулярна миграция
- CZ: cirkulační / cirkulární migrace
- DE: zirkuläre Migration
- EE: korduvränne
- EN: circular migration
- ES: migración circular
- FI: kiertomuutto
- FR: migration circulaire
- GA: imirce chiorclach
- GR: κυκλική μετανάστευση
- HU: körkörös migráció
- IT: migrazione circolare
- LT: apykaitinė migracija
- LV: cirkulārā migrācija
- MT: Migrazzjoni ċirkolari
- NL: circulaire migratie
- NO: sirkulær migrasjon
- PL: migracja cyrkulacyjna
- PT: migração circular
- RO: migraţie circulară
- SE: cirkulär migration
- SK: okružná migrácia / cirkulárna migrácia
- SL: krožna migracija
A repetition of legal migration by the same person between two or more countries.
(a) Circular migration of third-country nationals settled in the EU
This category of circular migration gives people the opportunity to engage in an activity (business, professional, voluntary or other) in their country of origin while retaining their main residence in one of the EU Member States. This covers various groups, e.g.:
- business persons working in the EU and wishing to start an activity in their country of origin (or in another third country); and
- doctors, professors or other professionals willing to support their country of origin by conducting part of their professional activity there.
(b) Circular migration of persons residing in a third country
Circular migration could create an opportunity for persons residing in a third country to come to the EU temporarily for work, study, training or a combination of these, on the condition that, at the end of the period for which they were granted entry, they must re-establish their main residence and their main activity in their country of origin. Circularity can be enhanced by giving migrants the possibility, once they have returned, to retain some form of privileged mobility to and from the EU Member States where they were formerly residing, for example in the form of simplified admission / re-entry procedures. This category covers a wide array of situations, spanning the whole spectrum of migrants, including:
- third-country nationals wishing to work temporarily in the EU, e.g. in seasonal employment;
- third-country nationals wishing to study or train in Europe before returning to their country;
- third-country nationals who, after having completed their studies, wish to be employed in the EU (e.g. as trainees) to acquire professional experience which is difficult to obtain at home, before returning;
- third-country researchers wishing to carry out a research project in the EU;
- third-country nationals who wish to take part in intercultural people-to-people exchanges and other activities in the field of culture, active citizenship, education and youth (such as, for example, training courses, seminars, events, study visits);
- third-country nationals who wish to carry out an unremunerated voluntary service pursuing objectives of general interest in the EU.